Allegany County is comprised of 29 Towns and 10 Villages. These are Census population estimates for 2021. The largest Village, Wellsville, has a population of 4,630 in the Village proper. The Town of Wellsville, including the Village, has 7,031 residents. Other Villages are Alfred (3,786), Cuba (1,539), Bolivar (1,029), Andover (912), Belmont (853) and Angelica (719). The smallest Villages are Canaseraga (467), Almond (405), and Richburg (417). There are some Hamlets that are designated by the Census Bureau and they are actually more populated than some Villages such as Houghton CDP at 1,734, Friendship CDP at 1,158, Belfast CDP at 823, and Fillmore CDP at 404. The smallest Towns have populations under 500 people, including Ward (329), West Almond (279), and Birdsall (192).
- Alfred – formed on March 11th, 1808
- Allen – formed on January 31st, 1823
- Alma – formed on November 23rd, 1854
- Amity – formed on February 22nd, 1830
- Almond – formed on March 16th, 1821
- Andover – formed on January 21st, 1824
- Angelica – formed February 25th, 1805
- Belfast – formed on March 24th, 1824
- Birdsall – formed on May 4th, 1829
- Bolivar – formed on February 15th, 1825
- Burns – formed on March 17th, 1826
- Grove – formed on March 8th, 1828
- Caneadea – formed on March 11th, 1808
- Centerville – formed on January 15th, 1819
- Clarksville – formed on May 11th, 1833
- Cuba – formed on February 4th, 1822
- Friendship – formed on March 24th, 1815
- Genesee – formed on April 16th, 1830
- Granger – formed March 6th, 1839
- Hume – formed on March 20th, 1822
- Independence – formed on March 16th, 1821
- New Hudson – formed on April 10th, 1825
- Rushford – formed on March 8th, 1816
- Scio – formed January 23rd, 1823
- Ward – formed on November 26th, 1856
- Wellsville – formed on November 22nd, 1855
- West Almond – formed on April 15th, 1833
- Willing – formed on November 19th, 1851
- Wirt – formed on April 12th, 1838